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  • Mephedrone (MCAT) | Uses, Effects, Signs, Abuse, Addiction, & Treatment

    Mephedrone (MCAT) | Uses, Effects, Signs, Abuse, Addiction, & Treatment

    Mephedrone is a synthetic stimulant drug that produces effects similar to MDMA, cocaine, and methamphetamine. It is a popular party drug associated with a euphoric rush and increased energy. However, these effects are short-lived and may lead to frequent mephedrone abuse. 

    Recreational use increases health risks, including paranoia, heart problems, depression, and overdose. If someone becomes dependent or addicted to mephedrone, they may need specialized addiction treatment. 

    What Is Mephedrone?

    Mephedrone, also known as 4-methylmethcathinone and 4-MMC, belongs to a group of designer drugs known as new psychoactive substances (NPS). 

    NPSs are unregulated drugs and are sometimes known as “legal highs.” They are produced to mimic the effects of illegal drugs, like cannabis, MDMA (or 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine), and cocaine. 

    Street names for mephedrone include:

    • MCAT
    • meow meow
    • bubbles
    • meph
    • plant food

    Synthetic Cathinones

    Mephedrone also belongs to a class of drugs known as synthetic cathinones. Synthetic cathinones, also known as “bath salts,” are produced to mimic the stimulant effects of chemicals found in the khat plant. 

    Other types of synthetic cathinones include:

    • methylone
    • methcathinone
    • bupropion
    • MDPV

    Schedule I Controlled Substance

    In 2011, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) added mephedrone as a Schedule I controlled substance in the United States. These are recreational drugs that have posed a public health threat and have a high potential for abuse. 

    How Is Mephedrone Used?

    Mephedrone is likely sold as capsules but can also come as a white powder or crystals. It is most commonly taken orally, which provides the longest-lasting effects. 

    However, mephedrone is also abused by taking it:

    • intranasally (snorting)
    • via intravenous injection
    • dissolved in a liquid and swallowed
    • wrapped in paper and smoked (bombing)

    Snorting mephedrone can lead to chronic nosebleeds if it is abused and taken frequently. Injecting the drug increases the risk of contracting Hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). 

    Effects Of Mephedrone

    Mephedrone is a psychostimulant that increases activity in the central nervous system (CNS).  Synthetic cathinones, like mephedrone, interact with dopamine and serotonin receptors in the CNS. 

    This often causes a rush of euphoria, increased energy, attention, and alertness. 

    However, other side effects may include:

    • anxiety
    • paranoia
    • insomnia
    • agitation
    • lightheadedness
    • memory impairment
    • dry mouth
    • sweating
    • low appetite
    • chest pain
    • increased heart rate
    • heart palpitations
    • high blood pressure
    • tremors 
    • convulsions

    Mephedrone has a high risk for abuse because the effects wear off quickly. People often experience cravings and use the drug frequently to maintain the “high”.  

    Mood Changes & Sleep Problems

    Following a mephedrone binge, people may experience a drop in mood and difficulty with sleep. Long term use of mephedrone can lead to severe adverse effects, like insomnia, hallucinations, dependence, and addiction. 

    Risk Of Overdose

    Mephedrone has been a commonly used club drug in the United Kingdom and was associated with several fatalities. Frequent use increases the risk of experiencing an overdose. Mephedrone toxicity may cause life-threatening complications, like seizures and respiratory failure. 

    Signs Of Mephedrone Abuse

    Frequent drug use can lead to difficulties with finances, work, and school. Uncontrollable cravings may lead to behaviors that interfere with family and relationships. 

    Common signs of mephedrone abuse include:

    • enlarged pupils
    • mood changes (paranoia, depression)
    • weight loss
    • talkativeness
    • changes in sleep habits
    • changes in self-care
    • engaging in risky behaviors

    By learning the signs of drug abuse, you may be able to seek help for yourself or a loved one who is struggling. 

    Mephedrone Abuse Treatment

    Mephedrone abuse can affect every area of life and its consequences may feel overwhelming. Fortunately, help is available that can help you learn to maintain long-term sobriety and improve well-being.  

    Treatment options may include:

    Detox Program

    If you have been frequently using mephedrone, your body may be dependent and at risk of experiencing withdrawal symptoms. 

    Withdrawal symptoms may include:

    • cravings
    • nasal congestion
    • drowsiness
    • anxiety
    • depression
    • agitation
    • impaired concentration

    In a detox program, professionals will monitor your vitals and may offer medications to help with difficult symptoms. 

    Inpatient/Residential Program

    A residential treatment program helps you address drug addiction in a structured environment. You may have access to a variety of services, including group therapies, individual therapies, and healthy activities.

    Outpatient Program

    An outpatient program is a flexible option for people who have a strong support system at home. This type of program is less structured than a residential program but offers similar services, including group and individual therapies. 

    Behavioral Therapy

    Behavioral therapy is a service that may be offered in both inpatient and outpatient treatment programs. This type of therapy helps individuals identify and change unhealthy behaviors. 

    Common types of behavioral therapy include:

    If you or a loved one would like more information on treating mephedrone abuse, please contact us today to speak with a specialist.

    Written by Ark Behavioral Health Editorial Team
    ©2024 Ark National Holdings, LLC. | All Rights Reserved.
    This page does not provide medical advice.
    Medically Reviewed by
    Kimberly Langdon M.D.
    on June 20, 2022
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